For those captivated by the acoustic guitar’s enchanting sound, aesthetic appeal, and comfortable feel, the next step in musical exploration might just be the 12 string acoustic guitar. Stepping beyond the traditional six-string design, this instrument opens up a realm of sonic depth and complexity, perfect for guitarists seeking to enrich their acoustic palette.
The 12 string acoustic guitar is essentially a descendant of the 6-string, but its doubled strings are the key to its signature rich, ringing tones. Instead of six individual strings, it features twelve strings arranged in six courses, with two strings per course. This configuration produces a captivating natural chorus effect. This effect arises from the subtle variations in frequencies created when each pair of strings within a course is strummed simultaneously. These minute differences blend together, resulting in a lush, shimmering sound that is much fuller than a standard 6-string.
Standard tuning for a 12 string acoustic guitar typically involves tuning the two strings in the lower four courses (E, A, D, G) an octave apart, while the strings in the higher two courses (B and high E) are tuned in unison. This tuning setup contributes significantly to the instrument’s characteristic sound. Beyond standard tuning, players can also experiment with open tunings. Open tuning involves tuning the strings so that strumming them without fretting produces a chord. This technique offers alternative sonic textures and can simplify playing certain chord voicings, encouraging exploration and personalized sound development. Mastering the nuances of sound production on a 12 string acoustic guitar takes practice, but the journey of familiarization is rewarding, leading to a unique and expressive playing experience.
Like its six-string counterpart, the 12 string acoustic guitar typically features a hollow-body construction and is crafted from resonant tonewoods, with a curved body and an extended neck to accommodate the additional strings and tension. The choice of tonewood is paramount in shaping the guitar’s sonic character. For instance, guitars constructed with an alder body are known for delivering a balanced, full-bodied sound profile, characterized by strong midrange frequencies and bright, sparkling highs. Conversely, maple tonewood is favored for its ability to produce crisper, clearer tones, with tightly defined low frequencies. The vast array of tonewood options available underscores the importance of understanding their sonic properties before choosing a 12 string acoustic guitar that aligns with your desired sound.
The distinctive sound of the 12 string acoustic guitar has resonated across genres and generations, embraced by iconic musicians from diverse musical landscapes. From the progressive rock soundscapes of Pink Floyd to the folk-infused melodies of Gordon Lightfoot, and beyond to artists like Lead Belly, Roger McGuinn of The Byrds, and many contemporary players, the 12 string acoustic guitar has proven its versatility and enduring appeal. Its unique sonic texture makes it a valuable addition to any guitarist’s collection, offering a fresh and inspiring voice for both seasoned professionals and aspiring musicians alike.
