Mexican style guitar playing is a vibrant and expressive art form. This article on guitarplayers.net explores the techniques, styles, and scales essential for mastering this captivating genre, offering guitar players of all levels a path to authentic Mexican guitar music. We aim to give you a comprehensive overview, enhancing your understanding of playing guitar with a Mexican touch, and providing valuable insights into Mexican guitar music!
1. Understanding Mexican Guitar Styles
Mexican guitar music is rich and diverse, encompassing various regional styles and traditions. It’s more than just playing notes; it’s about understanding the cultural context and emotional depth behind each style.
- Mariachi: Perhaps the most recognizable style, Mariachi features guitars, violins, trumpets, and vocals. The guitar plays both rhythmic and melodic roles, often using intricate strumming patterns and harmonies.
- Norteño: Originating from Northern Mexico, Norteño music typically includes accordion, bajo sexto (a 12-string bass guitar), and sometimes a guitar or bass. The guitar in Norteño provides rhythmic support and melodic fills.
- Son Jarocho: Hailing from Veracruz, Son Jarocho is known for its lively rhythms, improvisational nature, and use of the jarana (a small, 8-string guitar-like instrument) and requinto jarocho (a four-string guitar).
- Bolero: A romantic style with Cuban roots, Bolero is characterized by its slow tempo, lyrical melodies, and use of nylon-string guitars.
- Ranchera: Ranchera music is known for its passionate vocals, heartfelt lyrics, and instrumentation that often includes guitars, trumpets, and violins. The guitar in Ranchera provides a strong rhythmic foundation and harmonic support.
2. Essential Guitar Techniques for Mexican Music
Mastering Mexican guitar styles requires developing specific techniques that capture the essence of the music. These techniques include strumming, fingerpicking, ornamentation, and rhythmic patterns.
2.1 Strumming Patterns
Strumming is fundamental to many Mexican guitar styles. Here are some common strumming patterns:
Pattern | Description | Style(s) |
---|---|---|
Down-Up | Basic strumming with alternating down and up strokes. | All Styles |
Rasgueado | A flamenco-influenced strumming technique involving rapid, rhythmic finger flicks. | Mariachi |
Chicharrazo | A percussive strumming pattern that imitates the sound of a cicada. | Norteño |
Muted Strum | Involves muting the strings with the palm of the hand while strumming for a percussive sound. | Ranchera, Bolero |
2.2 Fingerpicking Styles
Fingerpicking adds depth and intricacy to Mexican guitar music. Here are some fingerpicking techniques:
Technique | Description | Style(s) |
---|---|---|
Apoyando | A classical guitar technique where the finger rests on the adjacent string after plucking. | Bolero |
Tirando | A free stroke where the finger plucks the string without resting on the adjacent string. | Bolero |
Thumb-Index Alternation | Alternating between the thumb and index finger to create a steady, rhythmic pattern. | Son Jarocho |
Arpeggios | Breaking down chords into individual notes and playing them in a sequence. | All Styles |
2.3 Ornamentation Techniques
Ornamentation adds flair and expression to melodies. Common ornamentation techniques include:
Ornament | Description | Style(s) |
---|---|---|
Slides | Gliding from one note to another. | Mariachi |
Hammer-ons | Striking a string with a finger to produce a note without plucking. | Norteño |
Pull-offs | Plucking a string with a finger while simultaneously removing another finger to produce a note. | Son Jarocho |
Vibrato | A slight, rapid oscillation of pitch. | Bolero, Ranchera |
Bends | Bending the string to raise the pitch. | All Styles |
2.4 Rhythmic Patterns
Rhythmic patterns are the backbone of Mexican guitar music. Understanding and mastering these patterns is crucial for playing authentically.
Rhythm | Description | Style(s) |
---|---|---|
Huapango | A complex rhythm with alternating 6/8 and 3/4 time signatures. | Son Huasteco |
Polka | A fast-paced, duple-meter rhythm. | Norteño |
Son | A syncopated rhythm with a strong emphasis on the off-beats. | Son Jarocho |
Bolero | A slow, romantic rhythm with a gentle swaying feel. | Bolero |
Ranchera | A strong, steady rhythm with a clear emphasis on the downbeats. | Ranchera |
2.5 Using Capos
Capos are frequently used in Mexican guitar music to change the key of a song quickly and easily. They allow guitarists to play in different keys while using the same chord shapes. This is particularly useful in styles like Mariachi and Norteño, where songs may need to be adapted to suit the vocal range of the singer. Experiment with different capo positions to find the best fit for your voice and the arrangement of the song.
3. Exploring Scales and Modes
Understanding scales and modes is essential for improvising and creating melodies in Mexican guitar music. According to research from the Berklee College of Music, effective scale usage greatly enhances a musician’s ability to improvise and create compelling melodies.
3.1 Common Scales
Scale | Description | Style(s) |
---|---|---|
Major Scale | A diatonic scale with a bright, cheerful sound. | All Styles |
Minor Scale | A diatonic scale with a darker, more melancholic sound. | Bolero |
Harmonic Minor | A minor scale with a raised 7th degree, creating a distinctive sound. | Ranchera |
Melodic Minor | A minor scale with raised 6th and 7th degrees when ascending, and natural 6th and 7th degrees when descending. | Mariachi |
Pentatonic Scale | A five-note scale that is widely used in many genres, including Mexican music. | Norteño |
3.2 Common Modes
Mode | Description | Style(s) |
---|---|---|
Dorian | A minor mode with a raised 6th degree, creating a jazzy sound. | Bolero |
Mixolydian | A major mode with a lowered 7th degree, creating a bluesy sound. | Ranchera |
Phrygian | A minor mode with a lowered 2nd degree, creating a Spanish or exotic sound. | Mariachi |
Locrian | A mode with a diminished 5th degree, rarely used due to its dissonant sound. | N/A |
Lydian | A major mode with a raised 4th degree, creating a dreamy sound. | Son Jarocho |
Ionian | The same as the major scale. | All Styles |
Aeolian | The same as the natural minor scale. | All Styles |
3.3 The Importance of the Phrygian Mode
The Phrygian mode is particularly important in Mexican guitar music, as it adds a distinctive Spanish or exotic flavor. It is often used in styles like Mariachi and Son Jarocho to create tension and drama. The Phrygian mode is characterized by its flattened second, which gives it a unique sound that is both haunting and beautiful.
4. Key Progressions and Chord Voicings
Understanding common chord progressions and voicings can help you create authentic-sounding Mexican guitar music. Experimenting with different voicings and inversions can add depth and richness to your playing.
4.1 Common Chord Progressions
Progression | Description | Style(s) |
---|---|---|
I-IV-V | A basic chord progression that is widely used in many genres, including Mexican music. | All Styles |
I-V-vi-IV | A popular chord progression that creates a sense of resolution and closure. | Bolero |
i-VI-III-VII | A minor chord progression that is often used in Ranchera music. | Ranchera |
I-bVII-IV | A chord progression that features a flattened 7th chord, creating a bluesy sound. | Norteño |
Am – G – C – F | A progression used by many Mexican guitarists. | All Styles |
4.2 Chord Voicings
Chord voicings refer to the specific arrangement of notes within a chord. Different voicings can create different textures and colors.
Voicing | Description | Style(s) |
---|---|---|
Open Voicings | Using open strings to create a fuller, more resonant sound. | All Styles |
Close Voicings | Keeping the notes of the chord close together on the fretboard. | Bolero |
Inversions | Changing the order of the notes in the chord, with the root note not always being the lowest note. | Ranchera |
Shell Voicings | Using only the root, 3rd, and 7th of the chord, leaving out the 5th. | Norteño |
3rds and 6ths | Involves using chords based on intervals of thirds and sixths, creating harmonies. | All Styles |
4.3 Using 3rds and 6ths
A lot of “Spanish/Mexican”- type feel is derived from voicing in 3rds and 6ths. Experiment with these to create the traditional sounds of Mexican-style music. To find these voicings, you can attack the target position from 1/2 step below and then moving up to the desired location.
5. Learning Traditional Mexican Songs
One of the best ways to learn Mexican guitar style is to study and play traditional songs. By learning these songs, you can gain a deeper understanding of the techniques, rhythms, and melodies that define the genre.
5.1 Popular Mexican Songs
Song Title | Style | Description |
---|---|---|
“La Bamba” | Son Jarocho | A classic Mexican folk song known for its lively rhythm and danceable melody. |
“Cielito Lindo” | Mariachi | A beloved Mexican song with a beautiful melody and heartfelt lyrics. |
“El Rey” | Ranchera | A famous Ranchera song about a man who is proud and independent. |
“Volver, Volver” | Ranchera | A passionate Ranchera song about a love that cannot be forgotten. |
“Bésame Mucho” | Bolero | A romantic Bolero song about longing for a kiss. |
“Guantanamera” | Son | Although originating from Cuba, this song has been widely adopted and played by Mexican musicians. |
“La Cucaracha” | Folk | A well-known folk song with a catchy tune. |
“Las Mañanitas” | Traditional | The traditional Mexican birthday song. |
“Jarabe Tapatío” | Mariachi | Also known as the “Mexican Hat Dance”, this is an instrumental piece showcasing the vibrant Mariachi sound. |
“El Mariachi Loco” | Mariachi | A lively and energetic instrumental piece that highlights the skill and showmanship of Mariachi musicians. |
5.2 Analyzing Song Structure
When learning a new song, pay attention to its structure. Most Mexican songs follow a verse-chorus structure, with an introduction and outro. By understanding the structure of the song, you can learn it more quickly and easily.
5.3 Transcribing and Arranging
Transcribing and arranging Mexican songs for guitar can be a challenging but rewarding experience. By transcribing a song, you can gain a deeper understanding of its melody, harmony, and rhythm. Arranging a song for guitar allows you to put your own creative stamp on it.
6. Essential Gear for Mexican Guitar Music
The right gear can make a big difference in your ability to play Mexican guitar music. While personal preference plays a significant role, certain guitars, strings, and accessories are commonly used in this genre.
6.1 Guitars
Guitar Type | Description | Style(s) |
---|---|---|
Nylon-String Guitar | The nylon-string guitar is the most common type of guitar used in Mexican music. It has a warm, mellow tone that is perfect for styles like Bolero, Ranchera, and Mariachi. | All Styles |
Acoustic Guitar | Acoustic guitars can be used in some Mexican styles, such as Norteño and Son Jarocho. They have a brighter, more percussive tone than nylon-string guitars. | Norteño |
Bajo Sexto | A 12-string bass guitar that is commonly used in Norteño music. It provides a strong, rhythmic foundation for the music. | Norteño |
Requinto Jarocho | A small, four-string guitar that is used in Son Jarocho music. It has a bright, percussive tone that is perfect for playing the complex rhythms of Son Jarocho. | Son Jarocho |
Jarana Jarocha | An eight-stringed instrument, smaller than a guitar, used in Son Jarocho. It provides rhythmic and harmonic accompaniment, often strummed with a percussive technique. | Son Jarocho |
Vihuela | A five-stringed instrument, slightly smaller than a guitar, used in Mariachi. It provides rhythmic and harmonic support, often played with a distinctive strumming pattern. | Mariachi |
6.2 Strings
String Type | Description | Style(s) |
---|---|---|
Nylon Strings | Nylon strings are the most common type of string used on nylon-string guitars. They have a warm, mellow tone that is perfect for Mexican music. | All Styles |
Steel Strings | Steel strings are used on acoustic guitars. They have a brighter, more percussive tone than nylon strings. | Norteño |
Bajo Sexto Strings | These strings are specifically designed for the Bajo Sexto, providing the deep, resonant tone required for Norteño music. | Norteño |
6.3 Accessories
Accessory | Description | Style(s) |
---|---|---|
Capo | A capo is used to change the key of a song quickly and easily. | All Styles |
Pick | A pick can be used to strum or pick the strings. However, many Mexican guitarists prefer to use their fingers. | Norteño |
Tuner | A tuner is used to tune the guitar. | All Styles |
Footstool | A footstool can be used to raise the guitar to a comfortable playing position. | Bolero |
Guitar Case | A guitar case is used to protect the guitar when it is not being played. | All Styles |
Humidifier | A humidifier is used to keep the guitar at the proper humidity level, which is important for preventing damage. | All Styles |
Metronome | A metronome helps in maintaining steady rhythm and timing, essential for styles like Ranchera and Bolero. | All Styles |
Amplifiers | While traditional Mexican guitar music is often acoustic, amplifiers can be used in live performances to increase the volume and projection of the guitar. | Norteño |
7. Listening to and Learning from Master Guitarists
One of the best ways to improve your Mexican guitar playing is to listen to and learn from master guitarists. By studying their techniques, styles, and musicality, you can gain valuable insights and inspiration.
7.1 Influential Mexican Guitarists
Guitarist | Style(s) | Description |
---|---|---|
Andrés Segovia | Classical | Although not exclusively a Mexican guitarist, Segovia’s influence on classical guitar technique has impacted many Mexican guitarists. |
Carlos Santana | Rock, Latin Rock | Known for his unique blend of rock and Latin rhythms, Santana has incorporated Mexican influences into his music. |
Los Lobos | Rock, Folk | This band is known for their eclectic mix of rock, blues, and Mexican folk music. |
Antonio Bribiesca | Mariachi | A legendary Mariachi guitarist known for his virtuosic playing and innovative arrangements. |
Leonardo “El Nano” Aguilar | Flamenco, Mexican | A versatile guitarist who blends flamenco techniques with Mexican musical traditions. |
Rafael Bribiesca | Mariachi | Following in his father Antonio’s footsteps, Rafael is a renowned Mariachi guitarist known for his skill and artistry. |
David Hidalgo | Various | A multi-instrumentalist and guitarist for Los Lobos, known for his versatility and incorporation of Mexican folk elements into rock music. |
7.2 Analyzing Guitar Solos
When listening to guitar solos, pay attention to the techniques, scales, and modes that the guitarist is using. Try to transcribe the solos and learn them on your guitar.
7.3 Attending Live Performances
Attending live performances of Mexican guitar music is a great way to experience the energy and excitement of the music firsthand. Pay attention to the guitarists’ techniques, stage presence, and interaction with the audience.
8. Joining a Community and Seeking Feedback
Connecting with other guitarists and seeking feedback can help you improve your playing and stay motivated. Joining a community of like-minded musicians can provide you with support, encouragement, and opportunities to collaborate.
8.1 Online Forums and Groups
There are many online forums and groups where you can connect with other guitarists and share your music. Some popular forums and groups include:
- GuitarPlayers.net
- Reddit’s r/Guitar
- Facebook Guitar Groups
8.2 Local Music Communities
Check out local music communities in your area. Attend jam sessions, open mics, and concerts. Connect with other musicians and share your music.
8.3 Taking Lessons
Taking lessons from an experienced guitar teacher can provide you with personalized feedback and guidance. A good teacher can help you identify your strengths and weaknesses and develop a plan to improve your playing. Guitarplayers.net is an ideal site to help find local instructors.
9. Practice Tips and Exercises
Consistent practice is essential for improving your guitar playing. Here are some practice tips and exercises to help you develop your skills.
9.1 Setting Goals
Set realistic goals for your practice sessions. Focus on specific techniques, songs, or scales. Break down your goals into smaller, more manageable steps.
9.2 Warming Up
Warm up before each practice session to prevent injuries and improve your playing. Start with simple exercises, such as scales, arpeggios, and chord changes.
9.3 Practicing Slowly
Practice slowly and deliberately, focusing on accuracy and precision. Gradually increase the tempo as you become more comfortable with the material.
9.4 Using a Metronome
Use a metronome to develop your sense of rhythm and timing. Start with a slow tempo and gradually increase the tempo as you become more comfortable with the material.
9.5 Recording Yourself
Record yourself playing and listen back to identify areas for improvement. Pay attention to your timing, tone, and technique.
9.6 Transcribing
Transcribing is an excellent practice for ear training and understanding musical structure. Start with simple melodies and gradually work your way up to more complex solos.
9.7 Improvising
Improvising is a great way to develop your creativity and musicality. Start with simple scales and chord progressions and gradually add more complexity.
9.8 Playing with Others
Playing with other musicians is a great way to improve your timing, listening skills, and musicality. Join a band, attend jam sessions, or find other musicians to play with.
10. Embracing the Culture and History
To truly master Mexican guitar music, it’s important to embrace the culture and history behind the music. Understanding the roots of the music can help you connect with it on a deeper level and play with more authenticity and passion.
10.1 Studying Mexican History
Learn about Mexican history and culture. Read books, watch documentaries, and visit museums. Understanding the historical context of the music can help you appreciate its significance and meaning.
10.2 Learning the Language
Learning Spanish can help you understand the lyrics of Mexican songs and connect with the culture on a deeper level.
10.3 Traveling to Mexico
Traveling to Mexico is a great way to experience the culture firsthand. Visit local music venues, attend festivals, and meet with local musicians.
11. Exploring Regional Styles in Detail
Mexican guitar music is not a monolithic entity; it is a collection of diverse regional styles, each with its unique characteristics and traditions. Diving deeper into these styles will enhance your understanding and appreciation of Mexican guitar music.
11.1 Mariachi: The Ensemble Sound
Mariachi music is often performed by ensembles consisting of guitars, vihuelas, trumpets, violins, and vocals. The guitar in Mariachi plays both rhythmic and melodic roles, often using intricate strumming patterns and harmonies.
11.2 Norteño: Accordion and Bajo Sexto
Norteño music typically includes accordion, bajo sexto (a 12-string bass guitar), and sometimes a guitar or bass. The guitar in Norteño provides rhythmic support and melodic fills. The accordion often carries the main melody, while the bajo sexto provides a strong rhythmic foundation.
11.3 Son Jarocho: The Fandango Tradition
Hailing from Veracruz, Son Jarocho is known for its lively rhythms, improvisational nature, and use of the jarana (a small, 8-string guitar-like instrument) and requinto jarocho (a four-string guitar). Son Jarocho is often performed at fandangos, which are communal celebrations involving music, dance, and poetry.
11.4 Bolero: Romantic Ballads
A romantic style with Cuban roots, Bolero is characterized by its slow tempo, lyrical melodies, and use of nylon-string guitars. Bolero songs often express themes of love, longing, and heartbreak. The guitar in Bolero provides a delicate and intimate accompaniment to the vocals.
11.5 Ranchera: The Voice of the People
Ranchera music is known for its passionate vocals, heartfelt lyrics, and instrumentation that often includes guitars, trumpets, and violins. Ranchera songs often tell stories of love, loss, and patriotism. The guitar in Ranchera provides a strong rhythmic foundation and harmonic support.
12. Advanced Techniques and Improvisation
Once you have mastered the basic techniques and styles of Mexican guitar music, you can begin to explore more advanced techniques and improvisation. This will allow you to express your own creativity and develop your unique voice as a guitarist.
12.1 Complex Rhythms
Experiment with complex rhythms and time signatures. Try incorporating syncopation, polyrhythms, and odd meters into your playing.
12.2 Advanced Ornamentation
Explore advanced ornamentation techniques, such as mordents, trills, and grace notes. These techniques can add flair and expression to your melodies.
12.3 Improvising Over Chord Changes
Learn to improvise over chord changes. Start with simple scales and modes and gradually add more complexity. Pay attention to the harmony and try to create melodies that complement the chords.
12.4 Developing Your Own Style
Develop your own style by incorporating your influences and experimenting with new techniques. Don’t be afraid to break the rules and create something unique.
13. Adapting Mexican Styles to Other Genres
Mexican guitar techniques and styles can be adapted to other genres of music. By incorporating Mexican elements into your playing, you can create a unique and interesting sound.
13.1 Latin Fusion
Experiment with Latin fusion by combining Mexican guitar techniques with other Latin styles, such as salsa, bossa nova, and samba.
13.2 World Music
Incorporate Mexican guitar techniques into world music compositions. Combine Mexican elements with music from other cultures to create a global sound.
13.3 Rock and Pop
Add Mexican guitar influences to rock and pop music. Use Mexican rhythms, scales, and chord progressions to create a unique and interesting sound.
14. The Role of Guitarplayers.net in Your Journey
Guitarplayers.net can be an invaluable resource for anyone looking to learn and master Mexican guitar styles. Here’s how:
14.1 Access to Lessons and Tutorials
Guitarplayers.net offers a wide range of lessons and tutorials covering various Mexican guitar techniques, styles, and songs. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced player, you can find resources to help you improve your skills.
14.2 Community Forums
The community forums on Guitarplayers.net provide a platform for connecting with other guitarists, sharing your music, and seeking feedback. You can also ask questions, get advice, and learn from the experiences of others.
14.3 Sheet Music and Tabs
Guitarplayers.net offers a vast collection of sheet music and tabs for Mexican songs. You can find arrangements for various skill levels and styles, making it easy to learn your favorite songs.
14.4 Gear Reviews and Recommendations
Guitarplayers.net provides gear reviews and recommendations to help you choose the right guitars, strings, and accessories for playing Mexican guitar music. You can find expert advice on the best gear for your budget and playing style.
14.5 Connecting with Instructors
Guitarplayers.net can help you find local guitar instructors who specialize in Mexican guitar styles. Taking lessons from an experienced teacher can provide you with personalized feedback and guidance. Our address is 1140 Boylston Street, Boston, MA 02215, United States. Phone: +1 (617) 747-2261.
15. Staying Updated with Current Trends
The world of music is constantly evolving, and it’s important to stay updated with current trends. Here are some ways to stay informed about the latest developments in Mexican guitar music:
15.1 Following Influential Artists
Follow influential Mexican guitarists on social media and streaming platforms. Listen to their latest releases and attend their live performances.
15.2 Attending Music Festivals
Attend music festivals that feature Mexican guitar music. This is a great way to discover new artists and styles.
15.3 Reading Music Publications
Read music publications that cover Mexican guitar music. Look for articles, reviews, and interviews with leading guitarists.
15.4 Participating in Workshops
Participate in workshops and masterclasses led by experienced Mexican guitarists. This is a great way to learn new techniques and gain insights into the music.
Mexican guitar music is a rich and diverse art form that offers endless opportunities for learning, creativity, and expression. By mastering the essential techniques, exploring regional styles, and embracing the culture and history behind the music, you can become a skilled and passionate Mexican guitarist. Remember to visit guitarplayers.net for resources, community, and inspiration.
FAQ: Learn How To Play Mexican Style Guitar
1. What is Mexican style guitar?
Mexican style guitar encompasses various regional styles and techniques from Mexico, including Mariachi, Norteño, Son Jarocho, Bolero, and Ranchera, each with unique rhythms, melodies, and instrumentation.
2. What are the essential techniques for playing Mexican guitar music?
Essential techniques include mastering diverse strumming patterns (like rasgueado and chicharrazo), fingerpicking styles (apoyando and tirando), ornamentation (slides, hammer-ons, pull-offs, vibrato), and understanding key rhythmic patterns.
3. What scales and modes are commonly used in Mexican guitar music?
Common scales include major, minor, harmonic minor, melodic minor, and pentatonic scales. Modes like Dorian, Mixolydian, Phrygian (especially important for its exotic sound), Lydian, Ionian, and Aeolian are also frequently used.
4. What are some popular Mexican songs to learn on the guitar?
Popular songs include “La Bamba,” “Cielito Lindo,” “El Rey,” “Volver, Volver,” “Bésame Mucho,” and “Guantanamera,” among others, each offering insights into different styles and techniques.
5. What type of guitar is best for playing Mexican music?
The nylon-string guitar is most common due to its warm, mellow tone, ideal for styles like Bolero, Ranchera, and Mariachi. Acoustic guitars and instruments like the Bajo Sexto and Requinto Jarocho are also used in specific styles.
6. Who are some influential Mexican guitarists to listen to and learn from?
Influential guitarists include Andrés Segovia, Carlos Santana, Los Lobos, Antonio Bribiesca, Leonardo “El Nano” Aguilar, Rafael Bribiesca, and David Hidalgo, each contributing uniquely to Mexican guitar music.
7. How can I find resources to learn Mexican guitar online?
Websites like Guitarplayers.net offer lessons, tutorials, community forums, sheet music, tabs, and gear reviews to support your learning journey.
8. How important is it to understand the cultural context of Mexican guitar music?
Understanding the cultural and historical context is crucial for authentically interpreting and performing Mexican guitar music, adding depth and passion to your playing.
9. Can Mexican guitar techniques be applied to other genres of music?
Yes, Mexican guitar techniques can be adapted to Latin fusion, world music, rock, and pop, allowing you to create unique and interesting sounds by blending different musical traditions.
10. How can I stay updated with current trends in Mexican guitar music?
Follow influential artists, attend music festivals, read music publications, participate in workshops, and engage with online communities to stay informed about the latest developments in Mexican guitar music.
Are you ready to explore the vibrant world of Mexican guitar? Visit guitarplayers.net today for lessons, sheet music, and a welcoming community of fellow guitar enthusiasts!