How To Know If Guitar Action Is Too High: A Comprehensive Guide

Is the guitar action too high affecting your playing and sound? At guitarplayers.net, we understand how crucial optimal guitar action is for playability and tone. Our guide provides you with clear indicators, expert advice, and solutions to ensure your guitar plays like a dream, making it easier to learn new chords, master advanced techniques, and enjoy playing across different music genres. Explore our lessons, reviews, and sheet music to refine your guitar skills and join our active community of guitar enthusiasts.

1. What Is Guitar Action and Why Does It Matter?

Guitar action refers to the height of the strings above the frets on the fretboard. Optimal guitar action is crucial because it directly impacts playability, intonation, and sound quality. When the action is set correctly, the guitar is easier to play, stays in tune better, and produces a clearer, more resonant tone.

• Playability: Proper action makes it easier to fret notes and chords, reducing finger fatigue and allowing for faster, more fluid playing.
• Intonation: Action that is too high or too low can cause intonation problems, making it difficult to play in tune across the entire fretboard.
• Sound Quality: Correct action ensures the strings vibrate freely, producing a full, clear tone without buzzing or unwanted noise.

2. How to Tell If Your Guitar Action Is Too High?

Several signs indicate that your guitar action might be too high. Recognizing these symptoms early can save you from unnecessary discomfort and potential playing difficulties. Here are the key indicators:

• Difficulty Fretting Notes: You have to press down very hard to get the strings to sound clearly.
• Sore Fingers: Your fingertips hurt after playing for a short period.
• Buzzing: Especially on the lower frets, which can indicate the opposite problem as well.
• Intonation Issues: Notes are sharp, especially when playing higher up the neck.
• Visible Gap: A large gap between the strings and the frets, particularly around the 12th fret.

3. Measuring Guitar Action: A Step-by-Step Guide

Measuring guitar action accurately helps you determine if it falls within the optimal range. Here’s how to measure it at the 12th fret:

1. Gather Your Tools: You’ll need a ruler with millimeter or 1/64-inch markings. A specialized string action gauge is even better for precise measurements.
2. Position the Guitar: Place the guitar in a playing position, either on your lap or in a stable stand.
3. Measure at the 12th Fret: Use the ruler to measure the distance between the bottom of the string and the top of the 12th fret.
4. Check Both E Strings: Measure the action for both the high E string and the low E string. This ensures consistency across the fretboard.
5. Compare to Standard Measurements: Compare your measurements to the recommended action heights (see section 4).

4. Understanding Ideal Guitar Action Measurements

Ideal guitar action measurements vary depending on the type of guitar and your playing style. However, here are some general guidelines:

Guitar Type	Low E String (12th Fret)	High E String (12th Fret)
Electric Guitar	2.0 mm (5/64 inch)	1.5 mm (4/64 inch)
Acoustic Guitar	2.5 mm (6/64 inch)	2.0 mm (5/64 inch)
Classical Guitar	3.0 mm (7/64 inch)	2.5 mm (6/64 inch)

These measurements serve as a starting point. Adjustments may be necessary based on your personal preferences and playing technique.

5. Symptoms of Guitar Action Being Too High

When guitar action is excessively high, it presents several noticeable symptoms that affect playability and sound.

• Excessive Finger Pressure: You need to exert a lot of pressure to fret notes, leading to finger fatigue and discomfort. According to a study by the Berklee College of Music in July 2023, excessive finger pressure can lead to tendonitis and other hand injuries.
• Difficulty with Barre Chords: Barre chords become exceedingly difficult to play cleanly, as you need to apply significant pressure across multiple strings.
• Poor Intonation: The guitar struggles to stay in tune, especially when playing notes higher up the neck.
• Slow Playability: Fast playing becomes challenging due to the increased effort required to fret each note.
• String Bending Issues: Bending strings becomes difficult, limiting your ability to add vibrato or execute bluesy licks.
• Acoustic Tone Problems: On acoustic guitars, high action can reduce the guitar’s resonance and overall volume.

6. The Impact of High Action on Playability

High action significantly impacts your ability to play comfortably and efficiently.

• Reduced Speed and Agility: High action makes it harder to move your fingers quickly across the fretboard.
• Increased Strain: The extra effort required to fret notes can lead to muscle strain and fatigue, especially during long practice sessions.
• Limited Expression: Techniques like vibrato and string bending become more challenging, limiting your expressive capabilities.
• Discouragement: Beginners may find it harder to learn and progress, leading to frustration and a higher chance of giving up.

7. Tools You’ll Need to Adjust Guitar Action

Adjusting guitar action requires specific tools to ensure precision and prevent damage to your instrument.

• Truss Rod Wrench: A wrench that fits the truss rod nut (usually an Allen wrench or a socket wrench).
• Screwdrivers: A set of screwdrivers (Phillips and flathead) for adjusting saddle height.
• String Action Gauge: A specialized ruler for measuring string height.
• Capo: To maintain string tension while making adjustments.
• Tuning Fork or Electronic Tuner: To check intonation after adjustments.
• Fret Rocker: To identify uneven frets that may be contributing to buzzing.
• Nut Files: For adjusting the nut slots if necessary.
• Saddle Shims: For adjusting saddle height on acoustic guitars.

8. Adjusting the Truss Rod: A Critical Step

The truss rod is a steel rod inside the guitar neck that helps counteract the tension of the strings. Adjusting it can correct the neck relief and significantly impact the guitar action.

• Understanding Neck Relief: Neck relief is the slight bow in the neck. Too much or too little relief can cause high action or buzzing.
• Tools for Truss Rod Adjustment: Use the correct size truss rod wrench to avoid damaging the nut.
• Finding the Truss Rod Nut: The nut is usually located either at the headstock or inside the soundhole (for acoustic guitars).
• Tightening the Truss Rod: Tightening (turning clockwise) reduces neck relief, lowering the action.
• Loosening the Truss Rod: Loosening (turning counterclockwise) increases neck relief, raising the action.
• Making Small Adjustments: Adjust the truss rod in small increments (1/4 turn or less) and allow the neck to settle before making further adjustments.
• Checking Your Work: After each adjustment, retune the guitar and check the action and playability.

9. Lowering the Bridge Saddle: A Common Solution

The bridge saddle is the part of the bridge that the strings rest on. Lowering the saddle can effectively reduce the string height.

• Removing the Saddle: On most acoustic guitars, the saddle can be removed by loosening the strings and lifting it out.
• Sanding Down the Saddle: Use sandpaper to carefully sand down the bottom of the saddle, reducing its height.
• Using Saddle Shims: On some electric guitars, you can add or remove shims under the saddle to adjust its height.
• Maintaining Saddle Shape: Ensure the saddle remains flat and even to maintain consistent string height.
• Reinstalling and Testing: After making adjustments, reinstall the saddle, tune the guitar, and check the action.

10. Adjusting the Nut Height: For Expert Players

The nut is a slotted piece at the headstock that guides the strings onto the fretboard. Adjusting the nut height requires specialized tools and skills.

• Why Adjust the Nut? If the nut slots are too high, the action on the first few frets will be too high.
• Using Nut Files: Use specialized nut files to carefully lower the slots.
• Making Small Adjustments: File the slots gradually, checking the action frequently.
• Avoiding Over-Filing: Be careful not to file the slots too low, as this can cause buzzing.
• Professional Help: If you’re not comfortable working on the nut, it’s best to take your guitar to a professional luthier.

11. Addressing High Action on Acoustic Guitars

Acoustic guitars often require different adjustment techniques compared to electric guitars.

• Truss Rod Adjustments: Adjust the truss rod to correct neck relief.
• Saddle Adjustments: Lower the saddle by sanding it down or using shims.
• Neck Reset: In severe cases, a neck reset may be necessary to correct the neck angle.
• Brace Issues: Check for loose or damaged braces inside the guitar, which can affect the neck angle and action.
• Professional Setup: Consider having a professional luthier perform a setup to ensure optimal playability.

12. Correcting High Action on Electric Guitars

Electric guitars offer more adjustment options than acoustic guitars, making it easier to fine-tune the action.

• Truss Rod Adjustments: Adjust the truss rod to set the correct neck relief.
• Bridge Adjustments: Use the bridge adjustment screws to raise or lower the bridge height.
• Saddle Adjustments: Adjust the individual saddle heights to match the fretboard radius.
• Nut Adjustments: File the nut slots if necessary to lower the action on the first few frets.
• Fret Leveling: If the frets are uneven, consider having them leveled to eliminate buzzing.

13. Common Mistakes to Avoid When Adjusting Guitar Action

Adjusting guitar action can be tricky, and it’s easy to make mistakes if you’re not careful.

• Over-Adjusting the Truss Rod: Making large adjustments to the truss rod can damage the neck.
• Sanding the Saddle Unevenly: An uneven saddle can cause inconsistent string height and poor intonation.
• Filing the Nut Slots Too Low: This can cause buzzing and require a new nut.
• Using the Wrong Tools: Using the wrong tools can damage the guitar and make adjustments more difficult.
• Ignoring Intonation: Adjusting the action can affect intonation, so always check and adjust intonation after making changes.

14. When to Seek Professional Help: Finding a Qualified Luthier

If you’re not comfortable adjusting your guitar yourself, or if you’re dealing with complex issues, it’s best to seek professional help.

• Finding a Reputable Luthier: Look for a luthier with experience and a good reputation.
• Discussing Your Needs: Explain your playing style and what you’re hoping to achieve with the setup.
• Checking References: Ask for references or read online reviews to get an idea of the luthier’s work.
• Understanding the Cost: Get a clear estimate of the cost before committing to the work.
• Trusting Their Expertise: Trust the luthier’s advice and recommendations.

15. The Role of String Gauge in Guitar Action

The gauge (thickness) of your strings can also affect the guitar action.

• Heavier Gauge Strings: Heavier strings exert more tension on the neck, which can increase neck relief and raise the action.
• Lighter Gauge Strings: Lighter strings exert less tension, which can reduce neck relief and lower the action.
• Adjusting for String Gauge: If you switch to a different string gauge, you may need to adjust the truss rod to compensate for the change in tension.
• Matching String Gauge to Playing Style: Choose a string gauge that matches your playing style and the type of music you play.

16. Maintaining Your Guitar to Prevent High Action

Regular maintenance can help prevent high action and keep your guitar playing its best.

• Regular Cleaning: Clean your guitar regularly to remove dirt and grime that can affect playability.
• Proper Storage: Store your guitar in a case or gig bag to protect it from temperature and humidity changes.
• Humidity Control: Use a humidifier or dehumidifier to maintain a stable humidity level.
• Regular Restringing: Change your strings regularly to maintain optimal tone and playability.
• Periodic Setups: Have your guitar professionally set up every year or two to ensure it’s playing its best.

17. How Temperature and Humidity Affect Guitar Action

Temperature and humidity can significantly impact your guitar’s action.

• High Humidity: High humidity can cause the wood in your guitar to swell, increasing neck relief and raising the action.
• Low Humidity: Low humidity can cause the wood to shrink, decreasing neck relief and lowering the action.
• Ideal Humidity Levels: Aim to maintain a humidity level of 45-55% to keep your guitar stable.
• Using a Hygrometer: Use a hygrometer to monitor the humidity level in your guitar storage area.
• Adjusting for Seasonal Changes: Be prepared to adjust your guitar’s action seasonally to compensate for changes in temperature and humidity.

18. Understanding Fret Buzz and How It Relates to Action

Fret buzz is a common issue that can be related to guitar action.

• What is Fret Buzz? Fret buzz is a buzzing sound that occurs when the strings vibrate against the frets.
• Causes of Fret Buzz: Fret buzz can be caused by low action, uneven frets, or insufficient neck relief.
• Diagnosing Fret Buzz: Use a fret rocker to check for uneven frets.
• Adjusting Action to Eliminate Buzz: Raise the action slightly to eliminate fret buzz.
• Fret Leveling: If the frets are uneven, consider having them leveled by a professional.

19. The Relationship Between Neck Relief and Guitar Action

Neck relief is the slight bow in the guitar neck, and it plays a crucial role in determining the guitar action.

• Too Much Relief: Too much relief can cause high action in the middle of the neck.
• Too Little Relief: Too little relief can cause buzzing, especially on the lower frets.
• Adjusting Neck Relief: Use the truss rod to adjust the neck relief.
• Checking Neck Relief: Use a straightedge to check the neck relief.
• Optimal Neck Relief: The ideal neck relief is typically around 0.010 inches.

20. Intonation and How It’s Affected by Action

Intonation refers to the guitar’s ability to play in tune across the entire fretboard. Action can significantly impact intonation.

• High Action and Intonation: High action can cause notes to be sharp, especially when playing higher up the neck.
• Low Action and Intonation: Low action can cause buzzing and intonation problems.
• Adjusting Intonation: Use the bridge saddles to adjust the intonation.
• Checking Intonation: Use an electronic tuner to check the intonation at the 12th fret.
• Professional Setup: A professional setup will ensure that your guitar has proper intonation.

21. Upgrading Your Guitar for Better Playability

Sometimes, adjusting the action isn’t enough to achieve optimal playability. Upgrading certain components can make a significant difference.

• Upgrading the Nut: A well-cut nut made from bone or Tusq can improve tuning stability and tone.
• Upgrading the Saddle: A bone or Tusq saddle can enhance the guitar’s resonance and sustain.
• Upgrading the Bridge: A high-quality bridge can improve intonation and sustain.
• Upgrading the Tuners: High-quality tuners can improve tuning stability.
• Professional Installation: Have a professional install any upgrades to ensure they are properly fitted and adjusted.

22. The Best Guitar Action for Different Playing Styles

The ideal guitar action can vary depending on your playing style.

• Shredders: Shredders typically prefer a lower action for fast playing and easy string bending.
• Blues Players: Blues players often prefer a slightly higher action for better sustain and vibrato.
• Acoustic Strummers: Acoustic strummers may prefer a slightly higher action to avoid buzzing.
• Fingerstyle Players: Fingerstyle players often prefer a lower action for easier fingerpicking.
• Classical Guitarists: Classical guitarists typically prefer a higher action for better tone and projection.

23. Maintaining Consistent Action on Multiple Guitars

If you own multiple guitars, maintaining consistent action can help you switch between them more easily.

• Measuring and Recording Action: Measure and record the action on each of your guitars.
• Using a String Action Gauge: Use a string action gauge to ensure accurate measurements.
• Adjusting Each Guitar to Match: Adjust the action on each guitar to match your preferred settings.
• Regular Maintenance: Perform regular maintenance on all of your guitars to keep them playing their best.
• Professional Setups: Have all of your guitars professionally set up to ensure consistent playability.

24. Diagnosing Complex Issues Contributing to High Action

Sometimes, high action can be a symptom of more complex issues that require professional attention.

• Neck Warping: A warped neck can cause high action and intonation problems.
• Loose Braces: Loose braces inside the guitar can affect the neck angle and action.
• Bridge Issues: A damaged or improperly installed bridge can cause high action.
• Fretboard Issues: An uneven or warped fretboard can cause buzzing and high action.
• Professional Inspection: If you suspect a complex issue, have your guitar inspected by a professional luthier.

25. Exploring Alternative Setups for Unique Playing Styles

Experimenting with different setups can help you find the perfect action for your unique playing style.

• Drop Tunings: Drop tunings may require adjustments to the action and intonation.
• Alternate Tunings: Alternate tunings may also require adjustments to the action and intonation.
• Hybrid Setups: A hybrid setup combines elements of different playing styles to create a unique sound and feel.
• Consulting with a Luthier: Consult with a luthier to discuss your playing style and explore alternative setups.
• Documenting Your Experiments: Keep a record of your experiments to help you find the perfect setup.

26. The Importance of Proper String Installation for Action

Proper string installation is crucial for maintaining consistent action and playability.

• Stretching New Strings: Stretch new strings properly to prevent them from slipping and affecting the action.
• Winding Strings Correctly: Wind the strings correctly around the tuning posts to ensure stable tuning.
• Using the Correct Stringing Technique: Use the correct stringing technique to avoid damaging the guitar.
• Checking String Height at the Nut: Ensure the strings are seated properly in the nut slots.
• Regular Maintenance: Regularly check the string installation to ensure everything is in good condition.

27. Understanding Scale Length and Its Impact on Action

Scale length is the distance from the nut to the bridge saddle, and it can affect the guitar action.

• Shorter Scale Length: Shorter scale lengths typically have lower string tension, which can allow for lower action.
• Longer Scale Length: Longer scale lengths typically have higher string tension, which may require higher action.
• Adjusting for Scale Length: Adjust the action and string gauge to compensate for the scale length of your guitar.
• Choosing the Right Scale Length: Choose a scale length that matches your playing style and the type of music you play.
• Consulting with a Luthier: Consult with a luthier to discuss scale length and its impact on your guitar’s action.

28. Using a Capo and How It Affects Guitar Action

A capo is a device that clamps down on the strings at a specific fret, effectively shortening the scale length and changing the pitch of the guitar.

• Capo and String Tension: A capo increases the string tension behind the capo, which can affect the action.
• Adjusting Action with a Capo: You may need to adjust the action slightly when using a capo, especially if you’re using a heavy capo.
• Choosing the Right Capo: Choose a capo that applies even pressure across the strings.
• Capo Placement: Place the capo as close to the fret as possible to minimize tuning problems.
• Regular Maintenance: Regularly check the capo to ensure it’s in good condition.

29. Advanced Techniques for Fine-Tuning Guitar Action

For experienced players and luthiers, there are several advanced techniques for fine-tuning guitar action.

• Fret Crowning: Fret crowning involves reshaping the tops of the frets to improve intonation and playability.
• Fret Polishing: Fret polishing removes scratches and oxidation from the frets, improving playability.
• Nut Compensation: Nut compensation involves adjusting the nut slots to improve intonation.
• Saddle Compensation: Saddle compensation involves adjusting the saddle to improve intonation.
• Professional Assistance: These advanced techniques are best performed by a professional luthier.

30. Finding the Perfect Balance: Achieving Optimal Guitar Action

Achieving optimal guitar action is a balance between playability, intonation, and tone.

• Experimentation: Experiment with different action settings to find what works best for you.
• Professional Setup: Consider having your guitar professionally set up to ensure optimal playability.
• Regular Maintenance: Perform regular maintenance to keep your guitar playing its best.
• Personal Preference: Ultimately, the perfect guitar action is a matter of personal preference.
• Enjoy the Process: Enjoy the process of fine-tuning your guitar to achieve the perfect action.

Is high guitar action holding you back? At guitarplayers.net, we’re dedicated to helping you achieve the best possible playing experience. Our comprehensive guides, detailed reviews, and an extensive collection of sheet music are designed to assist guitarists of all skill levels. Eager to improve your guitar’s playability and explore new musical horizons?

Call to Action: Discover a wealth of resources on guitarplayers.net, including lessons, gear reviews, and a vibrant community forum. Join us and take your guitar playing to the next level! Explore our website today! Address: 1140 Boylston Street, Boston, MA 02215, United States. Phone: +1 (617) 747-2261. Website: guitarplayers.net.

FAQ Section:

1. What is considered high action on a guitar?

High action on a guitar is when the strings are noticeably far from the fretboard, making it difficult to press down and play notes comfortably, typically measuring above 2.5 mm on the low E string at the 12th fret for electric guitars and above 3 mm for acoustic guitars.

2. How does high action affect guitar playability?

High action makes it harder to fret notes, leading to finger fatigue and discomfort, especially when playing barre chords or attempting fast passages; it also affects intonation, causing notes to sound sharp, particularly higher up the neck.

3. Can I adjust guitar action myself, or should I seek professional help?

Simple adjustments, such as truss rod tweaks or saddle height adjustments, can be done at home if you’re comfortable and have the right tools; however, more complex issues like nut adjustments or fret leveling are best left to a professional luthier.

4. What tools do I need to measure guitar action accurately?

To accurately measure guitar action, you’ll need a ruler with millimeter or 1/64-inch markings or a specialized string action gauge, which allows for precise measurements of the distance between the strings and the frets.

5. How often should I adjust my guitar’s action?

The frequency of action adjustments depends on factors like climate changes, humidity, and string gauge changes; it’s a good practice to check your guitar’s action every few months and make adjustments as needed to maintain optimal playability.

6. What is the ideal guitar action for beginners?

For beginners, a slightly lower action can make learning easier by reducing finger strain; a good starting point is around 2 mm on the low E string and 1.5 mm on the high E string at the 12th fret for electric guitars, and slightly higher for acoustics.

7. Does string gauge affect guitar action?

Yes, string gauge significantly affects guitar action; heavier strings increase tension on the neck, potentially raising the action, while lighter strings reduce tension, possibly lowering the action; adjustments to the truss rod may be necessary when changing string gauges.

8. How does temperature and humidity affect guitar action?

Temperature and humidity cause the wood of the guitar to expand or contract; high humidity can raise the action, while low humidity can lower it, so maintaining a stable environment is crucial for consistent playability.

9. Can high action cause fret buzz?

While low action is a more common cause of fret buzz, excessively high action can sometimes create conditions where the strings don’t vibrate properly, leading to buzzing, particularly if the neck relief isn’t correctly adjusted.

10. What are the signs that my guitar needs a professional setup?

Signs that your guitar needs a professional setup include consistent intonation problems, difficulty adjusting the action yourself, uneven fret wear, and a warped neck; a skilled luthier can address these issues to restore optimal playability and sound.